What Really works in a GD? What are the popular "Do's" in a GD?
When proposing an idea or argument, be very clear and structured in thinking and communication. Charm and personality takes you up to a certain point but after that it is simply your intelligence, thought process and command over the language which pulls you through. After proposing your idea, your must put forth a question. The person who answers the questions will have to look at you while answering, giving you a chance to intervene with another idea. Once you learn to handle the group discussions in a scientific way, there is no need for you to resort to techniques such as shouting, hammering your fist on the table, etc. Whenever you face a tough situation, go back to basics and that is where you will find the answer. Remember your movie or picnic venue discussions. What works there will work here also.
Be Yourself:
The most important mantra to ace GDs is “Be Yourself”. The more you change things about yourself, the more trouble you would find yourself in. The best way to go about things is to be natural and make sure all your responses are natural and spontaneous. To ease the burden of yourself, see a group discussion as an extension of your everyday conversation. This would enable you to think straight, and make sure you do not let negativity cloud your thought process.
A Group Discussion is not a seminar:
The most fundamental principle of participating in a Group Discussion is that you need to speak; there is no escape to this bare minimum requirement of a group discussion. One simple task is to take notes and generate a list of points to speak on; unless you are specifically asked by the invigilators not to take a pen and paper inside. On the rough sheet of paper, prepare a small little framework analyzing the topic from every angle and ensuring that you have understood the multiple facets of the topic that are generally there.
The success of an interjection depends not only on assertiveness but also on the receptiveness of others. If you interject when someone else has just begun speaking is unlikely that he will let you have your way. On the other hand, if you wait till he has made at least some of his points, he will be more amenable to letting you speak. A discussion has to flow naturally.
Prologue and Epilogue:
A lot of students generally think that opening the GD is the best way of entering one. But do remember that this approach is fraught with dangers, and the risks and rewards of doings so are generally very high. As far as time to speak in a GD goes, the opening speaker has the best chance to speak for the longest duration of time. During the time the opening speaker speaks, the others are still grasping the issue and coming to terms with it, and this gives him a chance to dwell on the topic and illustrate his viewpoint. This also means that the evaluators get a good look at time and can clearly listen to his views. But, the greatest challenge with opening a discussion is that the speaker needs to do it well. If he fails to deliver quality content, he misleads the group, as well as he earns negative points from the evaluators as full attention is placed on him. All of a sudden, he would be viewed as someone who jumps the gun and does not provide topics the kind of rational thinking they require. In a nutshell, speaking first has its rewards but only if done well. If you make a meal of it, you are bound to entertain the wrath of the invigilators.
Taking the Stage:
In a hostile environment, with a number of speakers putting across their points in a vociferous manner, it becomes hard to enter a group discussion. The solution to this problem is not a cut and dried one, and it requires a lot of practice to get over this problem. In such a scenario, making your presence felt is absolutely essential. Here are some of the things that you could do in a loud group discussion:
Enter the lows- GDs are peculiar in the sense that move like a wave, and have their highs and lows. You are advised to note these patterns, and whenever you find that the noise levels have reduced, that is your moment to enter the discussion. But do remember, at times, you would not get such a chance at all. And if in the first few minutes of the GD, you observe that there are no lows, you would be left with no choice but to barge your way in.
Interjecting in a discussion with a question- A good way to enter group discussion is to ask a question from other participants. Questions attract the attention of the group towards you, providing a vital chance to jump in the discussion and provide inputs. At this juncture, ask follow up questions or give thoughts on the question that you raised.
Enter after a person has made his point - It is vital for you to understand that interjections need to be made at the right moment. For example, someone has just started with his points and you try to cut him short. It is rare that the other person would give you a chance to speak before he completes his points. On the other hand, if you allow him to put across his points and then enter the discussion by interrupting him, there is a greater chance you succeed.
Enter with a supportive statement- Generally, when we enter a group discussion, we do so by interjecting the other person and contradicting his viewpoint. A street-smart way to enter the discussion could be by supporting the point of another person. By using statements such as “I agree with what my friend says…” or “I would like to add…”or “I think a point we could add here…”
Enter by increasing volume-The popular way adopted to enter a loud GD is to increase one’s volume. Though it a method that comes almost naturally and one is prone to shouting in such an environment, this may contribute to the melee. It is in your best interest that you combine this method with other mentioned in this section so that you are able to make an impact. Also, make sure that even though with a raised voice, it does not pass the impression that you are shouting.
Generate supportive data:
Use facts and illustrations to add value. However, be very sure of the validity of any statistic you quote. If you mention a wrong figure, someone in the group could point out the mistake. If that doesn't happen, the evaluators might notice the mistake. A fact or a statistic cannot be an argument in itself. It can only support a point you are making. So do not quote a fact and let it land. Follow it up with some sort of inference or conclusion that can be drawn from it.
Be an active listener: Listen carefully to others' contributions to avoid pitfalls. Listening will benefit you in the following ways:
It will prevent you from repeating something already said
It will give you new areas to think about since a participant may have introduced an excellent point, which you had not thought of
It will help you take the discussion forward, taking on from where another participant has left
It may even help you understand a topic, which you were ignorant of, before the first speaker defined it.
Be assertive, not aggressive:
It is a myth that successful managers are aggressive. They are not aggressive, rather they are assertive. There is a fine dividing line between assertiveness and aggressiveness. An aggressive person is someone who puts forward his point and tries to dominate others. He raises his voice, does not listen to or understand other people's viewpoint, takes it as a personal affront if others disagree with him and ends up offending others. On the other hand, an assertive person puts across his point strongly and rationally. So, do not be aggressive in your next GD. Instead, be assertive.
Make Friends:
Building allies is often an important aspect of a GD. Being heard is one thing and getting a positive response to your arguments is another. Get people on your side and ensure that they are receptive to your arguments. They will not only allow you to interject in the discussion, but they will also support your arguments. When supporting someone else's arguments does not just say "I agree". Try to add value by adding points of your own that extend the argument. You could build allies by giving others a chance to speak when they are in agreement with you (but only after you feel you have made your point). The final weapon at our disposal is your body language. Try and appear friendly, not intimidating. Smile, it often works! Speak clearly, speak sense and also let others speak. In a GD, you must speak, but you must also be heard by the other participants. Other participants will listen to you IF:
Your voice is audible and clear
Your contribution is relevant and made at the appropriate time
You listen to others; you let them speak and you are not too aggressive. This does not mean that you should only let others speak. You must let them speak and also speak yourself.
Quality of Content:
More important than the amount of time you speak for, is the quality of what you have said and the impact that it has on the group. You do not have to dominate the GD by speaking for a long period of time. You have to influence a group by providing it direction, highlighting the crucial issues and putting forth persuasive arguments. There is no formula to calculate the right duration of participation in a GD. In a 15-minute GD in which there are 12 participants, if you are able to speak for two minutes spread across four or five occasions, it should be enough.
Value-Additions: You can add value to a discussion keeping the following in mind:
Provide a structure that enables the discussion to carry on
Provide analysis that helps in distilling the discussion
What are the blunders in a GD? What are the popular "Don'ts" in a GD?
There are a number of candidates who commit common blunders in GDs. Going through the following section, you can explore all the common problems and make sure you do not commit any such error. The most common ones are:
Aggression:
Being too aggressive is one of the most common mistakes in GDs. While trying to make presence felt and acknowledged, students commits the mistake of being over-aggressive in the GD. Actions such as over-animation, dramatizations, banging the table, entering in one-to-one discussions or criticizing others unfairly are some of the misplaced manifestations of aggression. Why does this happen? Most students think that aggression is considered a virtue and hence must be displayed at any cost. It needs to be clearly understood that aggression in thinking is required, not in behavior. A candidate who is polite but firm wins the day.
Negativity:
The words you select to express yourself are indicators of your personality. A negative approach is highlighted by negative words and body language. Of course if you have observed yourself using negative language a little too often, you need to do some self-analysis and sort out your attitude related problems. Nervous body movements, having your hands folded across your chest, carrying skeptical expressions, constantly moving and fidgeting, evasive eye movements, etc. are all indicators of a negative personality and should be avoided at all costs.
Unfocussed Behavior:
Instances like trying to fit your example/knowledge of data to every GD topic, using examples or quoting facts, figures and data that have no relevance to the discussion, etc. can only lead to a negative assessment. Try to avoid jargons and technical language that seemingly makes you learned; these can only do more harm than provide any extra brownie points.
Telling Wrong Facts:
One thing about factual data is that it can provide extra-points to you but if you get a fact wrong, you can be stuck with someone explaining that you need to check your facts. In case you are not sure about something, you can always say that you are quoting that piece of information approximately. You could use phrases such as: “I think” or “Probably/Approximately” or “If I remember correctly”. Do not jump the gun and make a blunder that you cannot correct later. Also, you should not judge someone who has made such an error; do not jump into the discussion and berate him. If you need to make a factual correction, do so in the most polite and humble manner.
Being Highly Individualistic:
Being a strong independent personality is a good virtue to posses. But, you should remember that the hallmark of a good manager is the interpersonal skill he possesses. Make sure that you provide a good reflection of yourself in a group as your social interaction is being evaluated. The goal has to be achieved in teams and therefore your interpersonal skills are extremely vital. In fact, one has to strike the right balance between individual performance and group excellence.
